Permutation-lock



(Model) 7 G. SEYBOLD.

PBRMUTATION LOCK. No. 255,463. Patented Mar. 28,1882

F yola y the edge of the tumblers.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES SEYBOLD, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

PERMU'TATlON-LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 255,463, dated March28, 1882.

Application filed May 6, 1881.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, CHARLES SEYBOLD, ofCincinnati, Hamilton county, Ohio, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Combination-Locks, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates particularly to looks for safes and vaults and itsobject is to provide aloek the operation of which shall be perfect, andat the same time simpler than the operation of locks as heretoforeconstructed, and this object I accomplish by the simplicity ofconstruction.

The variousfeaturesof my invention and the manner in which its object isaccomplished will be apparent from the drawings and the followin gdescription.

Referringto the drawings forming part of this specification, Figure l isan elevation representing the interior of the lock. Fig. 2 is asectional view, looking up, taken through the line so a, Fig. 1. Fig. 3is a view looking at Fig.4is a perspective view of a detached portion.

Z is the box, which is recessed into the door of the safe or vault, andin which the various parts of the lock are situated.

A A A are the circular tunibers, by means of which, with the aid ofintervening mechanism, the bolts are permitted to slide back orprevented from sliding back, at will. These circular tumblers arearranged upon an arbor, B, which passes through the side of the box andterminates in the usual hand-knob, (J, employed to turn the arbor andtumblers.

Upon the outside of the box, coneentered upon and with a square portionof the arbor B, is the usualiudex-disk, D, secured between said knob andthe side of the box.

Inside the box is the disk to, rigidly attached to the arbor, and thetumblers are fixed and prevented from turning by being clamped betweenthis disk at and the disk or crankpi'ece O by means of the bolt E,(preferably'a thumbbolt,) screwed into the end of the arbor B. Thetumblers are ofdifi'erent diameters, spa'cebeing' left at the side ofeach tumbler between the edge of the periphery of one and that of theswinging piece H to ride upon said side. The

edge of eachtumbler is provided with the op (Model crating-notches b,for the reception of the pin G. These operating-notches have one edge,d, inclined or beveled across the plane of the tumbler and the otheredge, (1, rounded, as shown.

The swinging piece H swings upon pivot e, which latter is fixed to'thebox Z; and to enable the swinging piece H to swing steadily and withreduced strain and friction when called to operate upon the tail-piece pof swinging lever M, I preferably extend the swinging piece H above thepivot e and provide a smooth bearing,f, elevated from the box Z, andagainst which said extension shall bear and upon which it shall move.The swinging piece H carries the pin G, which slides in a hole in saidpiece, and is continually pressed toward the side Zof the box by asuitable device-as, for example, a springand in the present instance ispressed forward by the swinging weight G, pivoted to thepiece H at g,and operating upon the head of the pin G by means of the projection h.The pivot e of the swingpiece H is so located that when the said piece Hhangs straight it assumes the position shown in Fig. 1.

The method in which this part of my invention operates is as follows:The tumblers are set with reference to each other and the index D, andthen clamped in position by means of the said thumb-bolt E. The safe islocked by rotating the disk one revolution, which act causes theprojection O to throw the swinging piece H to the right and allow thepin G to shoot forward beyond and against the edge of tumbler A. Thetumblers are now rotated by means of the knob C until the notch b intumbler A comes opposite the pin G, when the tendency of the swingingpiece to hang straight will bring the pin into said notch 11. Now, iftheindex is rotated in the wrong direction--viz., in the direction ofarrow No.1-the pin will be thrown out and back upon the periphery of thetumblerA; but ifthe index be I0- tated in the other directionviz.,indicated by the arrow No. 2the pin Gwill mount the bevel and ride uponthe portion j of the side of the tumbler A, The index is now turned tillthe notch b in tumbler A comes opposite the pin G, when the tendency ofthe piece H to hang straight will cause the 'pin'Gr to enter said notchb, and the index being now turned in the direction not of arrow 2, whichwould cause the pin to pass out of the slot and remain on portion j oftumbler A, but in the direction of the arrow No. 1, the pin mounts theincline d of said notch and rides upon the portion j of tumbler A. Theindex being now turned in the direction of arrow No.2, the notch b oftumbler A is brought opposite the pin G, when the tendency of pieceH tohangstraightcauses this pin to enter said notch, and the index beingturned in the direction of the arrow No. 1, the pin G is caused to mountthe partj of tumbler A and is now against the periphery of the disk orpiece C. The swinging piece H is now in the position shown in Fig. 1,and the parts are now in position that the bolts may be retracted andthe safe unlocked.

Various forms of mechanism for permitting the bolts to be retracted andfor preventing their retraction may be employed in connection with theabove-described mechanism and operated in part or in whole by theswinging piece H. In the present instance I herewith, in the subjoineddescription, present one form of mechanism for thus governing theretraction of the bolts.

I is the usual bolt-piece, to which the bolts are attached, suitablysupported and connected by suitable mechanism of any desired kind, withthe usual handle by which the bolts are shot out and retracted. Thisbolt-piece I is provided at rear with a piece, L, which passes throughthe end Z of the box Z. The sides of this piece are preferably beveled,as shown in Fig. 2. Immediately at the rear of pieceL swings on pivot nalever, M, composed of tailpiece 1) and piece 1, having an orifice, m,so located that when the lever is left to itself said orifice will beopposite the end of piece L, and the latter can pass through it. The endof tail-piece p is beveled, as shown in Fig. 2. A box, N, of metal, issecured to the side of the box. Z, and contains a recess of proper sizefor the reception of the piece L when the bolts are retracted.

The operation of the entire device is as follows: When the swingingpiece H assumes theposition shown in Fig.' 2 the lever M swings to aperpendicular position--viz., that shown in Fig. 2--and the orifice m ofsaid lever is in such a position as to allow the piece L to pass withinit. The piece I and locking-bolts are now retracted by turning the usualhandle, and the piece L passes into orifice m,the bevel t of the saidpiece carrying the lever M a little to the left, looking at the Fig. 2from the end which is at the left hand in the drawings, and the piece Lpassing on and into the-recess in box N. The square edge of thetail-piece p of the lever M is now opposite the square adjacent edge ofthe swinging piece H, and any attempt to throw the latter piece to oneside and cause the pin G to slip off from the side j of tumbler A willbe prevented by the square edge of piece H impinging against the squareedge of the tail-piece 12. Thus this swinging piece cannot be renderedinoperative, as might be the case were the end of tail-piece 1)permitted to remain in the position shown in Fig. 2, the swinging piecewhen thrown out by the piece 0' being wedged upon the bevel of thetail-piece 1).

When the safe is to be locked the piece I and the bolts are shot out andthe piece L is moved forward, the bevel t thereon causing lever M toreturn to its perpendicular position, as shown in Fig. 2. The index-diskis now rotated, and the stud (J of the piece 0 throws the swinging leverto the right, and until the pin G passes beyond the outer edge of thetumbler A the swinging piecein its movement impinges against the bevelof the tail-piece p of the lever M, thereby moving the lever to one sideand causing the orifice to pass from coincidence with the end of piece Land to place a part of the fiat surface of the lever M immediatelybehind the piece L. Thus the piece L cannot now be retracted and thesafe is securely locked. The safe is unlocked by turning the index inthe manner first hereinbefore described.

In order to deceive any burglar desiring to enter the safe andattempting to find the combination of the tumblers by means of the clickor noise caused by the entering of the pin G into the operating-notches,the tumblers are provided with false or blind notches, as S, notinclined across the plane of the tumblers, but rounded at both edges, asshown. Into these notches the pin G falls as the disk is rotated, andimmediately passes out of same without mounting any of the sides-i. 0.,portions jj j -of the tumblers A A A Thus these false notches, while notinterfering with the operation of the pin G, do, in connection with thetrue or operative notches b, deceive the burglar and render futile hisattempts to find the index combination of numbers.

I do not confine myself to any particular number of tumblers, but expectto vary the number in each application of the device as may prove mostdesirable, and the use of any number of said tumblers will fall withinthe scope of my invention.

My improved arrangement and construction of the arbor, tumblers, and thedevices for holding the tumblers rigidly in position enable me todispense with the usual sleeve for carrying the tumblers, and with allextra mechanism for connecting the arbor to the tumblers, and this partof my invention is applicable to tumblers provided with notches otherthan those I have herein shown.

Instead of the screw'bolt E, the arbor may be made to extend beyondpiece 0, and a screw-thread being formed on said extended end, a nut maybe screwed thereon to clamp the piece 0 and the tumbler to disk at.

My invention enables me to set each of the numbers so as to be includedin less than an entire revolution ofthe index, so that the grasp of thefingers upon the thumb-knob need not be removed while finding thecombination.

IIS

What I claim as new and of my invention, and desire to secure by LettersPatent, is-

1. The combination of the index, rotating tumblers provided with notchesI), each having a side, d, beveled obliquely to the plane of thetumbler, and a locking-pin, G, pressed forward by mechanism,substantially as and for the. purposes specified.

2. The combination of the index, rotating tumblers provided with notchesI), each notch having a side, d, inclined obliquely to the plane of thetumbler, and swinging piece H, having movable pin G, pressed forward bya suitable device, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

3. The combination of the index, rotating tumblers provided with notchesI), each having a side, d, inclined obliquely to the plane'of thetumbler, piece 0 and the swinging piece H, having 'movable pin Gr,pressed forward by a suitable device, substantially as and for thepurposes specified.

4. The combination of the index, arbor B, thumb-knob 0, disk a, tumblersprovided with notches, each having a side, d, inclined obliquely to theplane of the tumbler, piece 0, swinging piece H, and-pin G, actuated byweight G, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

5. The combination of piece L, swinging lever M, provided withtail-piece p, and the swinging piece H, and operating mechanism,substantially as and for the purposes specified. 6. The combination ofthe tumblers and driving-arbor, the said tumblers resting directlyon-said arbor and fixed rigidly thereon, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

CHARLES SEYBOLD.

Attest:

E. H. FOSTER, E. R. HILL.

